06. FRAME Reports
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The reports constitute the chief result of the work of over a hundred of scholars gathered under the umbrella of FRAME project researching the means to foster human rights among European policies. FRAME is a large-scale, collaborative research project funded under the EU’s Seventh Framework Programme (FP7) coordinated by the Leuven Centre for Global Governance Studies and conducted by 19 research institutes from around the world. As a complement to the on-going evaluation work carried out by the European Commission, and answering to the findings and recommendations of recent studies on EU human rights policies, the main objective of FRAME is to provide the necessary building blocks for the development of a comprehensive and coherent EU human rights policy comprised of: (i) a sound knowledge base taking into account the evolving factors, concepts, institutions and instruments underlying the protection and promotion of human rights at the EU, international and national levels; (ii) a critical examination and appraisal of the EU’s real and potential contribution to global human rights governance through its engagement with multiple actors and partners and through its multiple policies and instruments; (iii) a thorough scrutiny of the effectiveness of human rights promotion in the maze of EU institutions, competences and policies; and (iv) a set of indicators, tools and policy proposals allowing for a consistent and tailor-made integration of human rights in EU external and internal actions and policies. In this way, FRAME offers creative solutions to enhance the effectiveness and coherence of EU human rights policy and provides concrete guidance to EU policy-makers to help resolve problems hindering the protection and promotion of human rights.
The project took off in March 2014 and will continue until 30 April 2017.
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Browsing 06. FRAME Reports by Author "Chané, Anna-Luise"
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ItemEU engagement with other European regional organisations(FRAME, 2016-04) Chané, Anna-Luise ; Hauser, Agata ; Jaraczewski, Jakub ; Jóźwicki, Władysław ; Kędzia, Zdzisław ; Šimáková, Michaela Anna ; Suchocka, Hanna ; Wallace, StuartThis deliverable of Work Package 5 presents the outcome of the analysis and critical assessment of EU human rights engagement with other European regional organisations. Cooperation between the European Union and the Council of Europe has become more systematic, in particular in the framework of the Memorandum of Understanding signed in 2007. This document inter alia identifies shared priorities and focal areas of cooperation among which are listed human rights and fundamental freedoms; rule of law and legal co-operation; democracy and good governance; democratic stability; intercultural dialogue and cultural diversity; education, youth and promotion of human contacts; and social cohesion. In the light of the Lisbon Treaty, including the new legal status of the Charter of Fundamental Rights and the commitment to ratify the European Convention on Human Rights, cooperation between the EU and the system of human rights protection established within the CoE should be significantly enhanced. However, the road leading up to the accession to the European Convention may be more difficult than expected as has been indicated by the Opinion 2/13 of the CJEU on the Draft Accession Agreement, adopted on 18 December 2014. In the case of the OSCE, although the role of the EU has never been formally defined in details, the EU participation in the work of OSCE bodies has been recognized by the established practice and formalised by the Rules of Procedure of the organisation adopted in 2006. The EU attaches particular importance to co-operation with the OSCE on security-related matters and conflict prevention in Europe. The report consists of four chapters. The first chapter presents the aims of the report as well as methodology of the research. It also explains the basic conceptual framework of the deliverable. The second chapter is devoted to the cooperation of the European Union with the Council of Europe. In particular, the authors of the report analyse the Memorandum of Understanding between the European Union and the Council of Europe, EU’s policy documents and the issue of the rapprochement of the human rights protection systems of these two organisations. It also tackles the issue of common human rights standards. The third chapter presents the issue of the European Union’s cooperation with the Organisation for Security and Cooperation in Europe. It explains the position of the EU vis-à-vis the OSCE and it presents the EU’s substantive human rights goals and objectives. The authors of the report have also analysed the issue of common human rights standards and the EU’s engagement in and support for the OSCE human rights activities. The report is supplemented by four case studies related to: 1. The role of Venice Commission ’Democracy through Law‘ and its cooperation with the European Union; 2. The legal influence of the ECHR on the EU in case of the right to an effective remedy and right to fair trial; 3. Joint Programme – Peer to Peer II, and 4. The EU’s external human rights policy in view of crisis at the EU’s doorstep: towards a gradual division of labour between EU-OSCE in Ukraine. The fourth and final chapter presents the conclusions of the research. The report seeks not only to advance existing scholarship on the topic, but also to create a broad knowledge base for future research.
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ItemEU human rights engagement in UN bodies(FRAME, 2014-11) Baranowska, Grażyna ; Chané, Anna-Luise ; D’Hollander, David ; Hauser, Agata ; Jaraczewski, Jakub ; Kędzia, Zdzisław ; Lewicki, Mariusz ; Połczyńska, AnnaThis report presents the outcome of the analysis and critical assessment of EU human rights engagement in UN bodies. The EU has committed itself in the Treaty on the European Union to ‘promote multilateral solutions to common problems, in particular in the framework of the United Nations.’ In light of this provision, and taking into account the considerable challenges the EU-UN cooperation encounters, the present report aims at four goals. Firstly, to map the long-standing and multifaceted engagement of the EU within and towards UN human rights bodies. Secondly, to critically assess the EU’s engagement in the UN from the perspective of both its policy and institutions. Thirdly, to identify specific and structural flaws in the EU’s approach to human rights at the UN. Fourthly, to find creative ways of enhancing the EU’s position, role, inclusion in and impact upon these UN bodies. The deliverable consists of seven chapters. The first chapter presents the aims of the report and the methodology of the research. It also explains the key concepts of the deliverable, such as coherence, leadership or mutual influence between the EU and the UN. The second chapter explores two of the guiding principles of the EU’s external policy: human rights and multilateralism. In particular, it contains an analysis of the Union’s commitment to ‘effective multilateralism’ and consistency of specific human rights priorities throughout the EU legislation and other documents. The third chapter presents the institutional framework of the EU-UN relations. As both, the EU and the UN, share a common trait – a high complexity of their organisational structure, chapter III begins with a detailed mapping of both organisations. It also explains the role of different stakeholders in the EU-UN cooperation. This chapter also tackles the relationships between stakeholders and the coordination of the EU’s position at the UN. The status of the EU in the UN is also explored from the point of view of the legal framework of both organisations. The fourth chapter presents the processes and dynamics behind the formulation of EU human rights aims, objectives and priorities at the UN. It indicates the critical factors, relevant actors and their roles as well as the overall characteristics of the process. The chapter also provides a detailed analysis of the EU’s specific goals and objectives at the UN as well as their consistency. The report focuses on the Union’s priorities with regard to (i) thematic human rights issues, (ii) its country-specific priorities, and (iii) its aims and objectives relating to the institutional architecture of the UN. The fifth chapter concerns the tools and methods deployed by the EU at the UN. Particular attention has been paid to the issue of the EU’s resolution initiatives in UN human rights fora: the UNGA Third Committee and the HRC. The analysis focuses on resolution initiatives tabled by the Union, but also tackles the national initiatives of the EU Member States and the co-sponsoring of resolutions by the EU/Member States. It also explores the EU’s involvement in the Universal Periodic Review (UPR) process. Taking into account that the EU does not formally participate in the UPR, the involvement of its Member States is analysed, also from the point of view of realisation of EU human rights priorities. This section also explains the notion of light-coordination. Finally, the fifth chapter explores the EU’s financial contribution to UN human rights activities, in particular to the Office of the High Commissioner of Human Rights. The deliverable is supplemented by four case studies included in chapter six of the deliverable. They are related to EU’s engagement in specific thematic topics at the UN covering the areas of: economic, social and cultural rights, human rights defenders, the right to development and counterterrorism. The final chapter presents the conclusions of the research. Due to the comprehensive nature of the analysis of the various dimensions of EU-UN interaction, the report seeks not only to advance the existing knowledge on the topic, but also to create a broad base for future research. In particular, the findings of this study will constitute the background for next deliverables of this work package on the Union’s engagement with regional multilateral organisations.
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ItemThe EU’s engagement with regional multilateral organisations Case study: African perspective(FRAME, 2015-06) Chané, Anna-Luise ; Ho Tu Nam, Nora ; Killander, Magnus ; Lewandowski, Tomasz ; Miamingi, Remember ; Nkrumah, BrightThis deliverable of Work Package No 5 assesses the engagement of the EU with the AU and other intergovernmental organisations in Africa. Through the Joint Africa-EU Strategy (JAES), the EU and its member states on the one hand and the AU and African states on the other hand have committed themselves to work towards the realisation of joint values such as human rights. The deliverable consists of eight chapters. The first chapter sets out the aims, conceptual framework, methodology and structure of the report. The second chapter explores the place of human rights and multilateralism in the EU, with a focus on the EU treaties, guidelines on human rights and the EU Strategic Framework and Action Plan on Human Rights. The third chapter discusses the institutional framework related to promotion and protection of human rights in the AU and other African intergovernmental organisations with a human rights mandate such as the EAC and ECOWAS. The chapter also consider the major EU human rights stakeholders of relevance to relations with Africa. The fourth chapter considers substantive goals and objectives in relation to the EU human rights policy towards Africa and goals and objectives enshrined in international agreements between the EU and African states, including the Cotonou Agreement and JAES. The chapter further discusses the JAES roadmap and action plans, sub-regional cooperation strategies and EU member state initiatives in relation to human rights. The fifth chapter studies the tools and methods employed by the EU at African intergovernmental organisations. Particluar attention is given to the human rights dialogue between the EU and the AU. The chapter also considers other initiatives such as the Africa-EU Platform for Dialogue on Governance and Human Rights, the EU-Africa Summit, the EU-Africa High Level Policy Dialogue, the Commission- to Commission meetings and sub-regional political dialogues. The sixth chapter considers the EUs and its member states important role in providing financing for the AU and other African intergovernmental organisations. The chapter consider issues such as aid earmarking and coordination. The seventh chapter consists of two case studies, one focusing on food security and the other on human rights defenders. The report illustrates how the relationship between the EU and the AU and other African regional IOs has become more equal in recent years and that Africa is now treated as one unit, represented by the AU. Challenges remain in relation to making the relationship functioning effectively, in particular in light of the numerous actors involved in EU-Africa relations, including EU and AU member states, AU institutions, RECs and civil society actors. The effectiveness of interventions such as the EU-AU human rights dialogue in promoting EU human rights strategies is questionable, in particular in light of the divergent opinions on many issues despite the slogan of ‘two unions, one vision’. Financing from the EU plays an important role for African intergovernmental organisations to perform their functions. However, reliance on donor funding remains controversial and coordination among donors could still be improved.
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ItemThe EU’s engagement with regional multilateral organisations Case study: Inter-American perspective(FRAME, 2015-06) Balcerzak, Filip ; Chané, Anna-Luise ; Marinelli, Chiara ; Romero, Amilcar ; Salmón, ElizabethThe sixth deliverable of Work Package No 5 (WP 5) presents the outcome of the analysis and critical assessment of EU human rights engagement with the Organization of American States (OAS). The EU has committed itself in the Treaty on European Union to promote and protect human rights and to ‘develop relations and build partnerships with [...] international, regional or global organisations’. The EU’s 2012 Strategic Framework on Human Rights and Democracy explicitly identifies the OAS as one of the regional organisations with which the Union works in partnership in order to strengthen regional human rights mechanisms. In light of this commitment, the present report aims at four goals: mapping the human rights cooperation of the EU with the OAS, critically assessing this cooperation from a policy and institutional perspective, identifying specific and structural flaws in the EU’s approach, and looking for creative ways to facilitate a critical but constructive and effective relationship between the EU and the OAS. The deliverable consists of seven chapters. The first chapter is introductory. It explains the aims, scope and methodology of the analysis. The second chapter focuses on the legal and policy framework of EU-OAS relations. In a first section it traces the Union’s human rights commitment throughout the relevant legal instruments and policy documents; it then examines the legal framework for EU-OAS human rights cooperation. The third chapter maps the institutional framework of the EU-OAS relations with respect to human rights. It identifies the main EU and OAS bodies relevant for human rights protection, with special attention paid to the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights (IACHR) and the Inter-American Court of Human Rights (IACtHR). The fourth chapter describes the goals and objectives of the EU with regard to the OAS in the field of human rights. Special attention is paid to the Memorandum of Understanding signed between the European Commission and the OAS in 2009. The fifth chapter presents tools and methods employed by the EU in its engagement with the OAS in the field of human rights. The analysis distinguishes between a political approach and a thematic approach and puts emphasis on the aspect of financing. The sixth chapter contains two case studies, used to contextualise the analysis of the previous chapters. The first case study analyses the influence of EU-OAS cooperation on the development of the IACHR and the IACtHR. The second case study focuses on the impact of this cooperation on human rights protection at OAS member state level, using the example of the Republic of Peru. The seventh chapter assesses the EU’s engagement described in previous chapters from the perspective of coordination, coherence, consistency, effectiveness, realisation, influence and leadership. The final conclusions are presented in the eighth chapter. The research shows that the EU has a significant impact on the internal and public work of the IACHR and the IACtHR – the OAS bodies most relevant from the perspective of human rights. Along with this international impact, at the national level, the Union’s biggest contribution in Peru is based on civil society human rights projects implemented nationwide. Although EU-OAS human rights cooperation yields essentially positive results at the regional and national level, further coordination is required in order to achieve EU internal mandates.