Global Campus Open Knowledge Repository

Our Open Knowledge Repository is a digital service that collects, preserves, and distributes all digital materials resulting from the rich and varied production of the Global Campus of Human Rights. It is an ever growing collection which aims to give visibility to our research outputs, educational content, and multimedia materials; sustain open access for knowledge transfer; and foster communication within and beyond academia.

 

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Recent Submissions

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Exposing Shadows: Exploring the Intersection of Image-Based Sexual Abuse in Kosovo
(Global Campus of Human Rights, 2025) Ndrevataj, Entenela; Zilka Spahic Siljak
This research explores how misogyny, twined with cultural elements of victim-blaming, and the lack of adequate legislation have made the spread of image-based sexual abuse in Kosovo possible. The importance of this topic is underscored by the technological advancements that have amplified pre-existing issues, such as gender-based violence, which can now be shared with a wide audience within seconds. Through qualitative methods research, this illuminates the prevalence and impact of image-based sexual abuse by conducting interviews with a woman whose intimate images have been shared online, as well as with feminists, non-governmental organisation representatives, men and institutional stakeholders. The findings reveal a concerning situation for women and girls in Kosovo, where numerous communication groups have emerged that share intimate images, along with personal contacts and locations, thereby compromising their privacy. These women are frequently blamed for sharing these images by family members, society and institutional representatives, making it difficult for them to seek help. Additionally, the existing legislation is not adequately designed to fully address image-based sexual abuse, placing yet another burden on women. Moreover, the pervasive victim-blaming mentality discovered in this research highlights the necessity for the government to take action in educating and informing workers across various institutions, as well as the general population.
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Intimate Partner Violence: Case Studies of Transgender Women in Sri Lanka as Victims and Perpetrators
(Global Campus of Human Rights, 2025) Mallawaarachchi, Isurinie Anuradha; Senaratne, Kalana; Kranrattensuit, Naparat
Intimate partner violence (IPV) is traditionally understood in cis-heteronormative contexts, with cis-heterosexual men as the perpetrators and cis-heterosexual women as victims. Concerning the context of Sri Lanka, IPV is observed to be conceptualised within the boundary of legal marriage. As same-sex unions in Sri Lanka are non-marital, cohabiting relationships – due to the criminalisation of homosexuality – this points to an erasure of the experiences of IPV faced by the majority of the LGBT+ community. Studies also have pointed out that women are highly victimised by IPV. Keeping in mind that transgender women in Sri Lanka are a severely marginalised group, this highlights that they would be in an immensely vulnerable position if they were in a relationship before obtaining a Gender Recognition Certificate without which they are institutionally misgendered. This study takes place against this backdrop, where transgender women’s experiences of IPV victimisation and perpetration are explored. This study involves a qualitative thematic coding analysis of interviews obtained from nine transgender women regarding their experiences of IPV victimisation and perpetration. As this study delves into the lived experiences of IPV of persons with diverse sexual orientations, the phenomenological approach will be utilised as the method of data analysis. The results showcased a clear expression of the interpersonal transphobia manifested as IPV.
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Status of Post-February 2022 Russian Migrants: A Comparative Study
(Global Campus of Human Rights, 2025) Lomakin, Ilya; Leontiev, Lucia
This thesis examines how recent migration policy modifications have impacted the rights of regular Russian migrants who relocated following the 24 February 2022 exodus. Utilising comparative legal studies and the law-in-context approach, the research focuses on Germany, Kazakhstan and Türkiye. These diverse host states were selected for experiencing significant post-2022 Russian influxes and observable migration policy modifications by November 2024. Despite the hypothesis that modifications to national migration policies shrink the sets of rights available to regular post-February 2022 Russian immigrants, the research findings paint a more complex picture. On the one hand, Kazakhstan and Türkiye introduced measures to reduce semi-legality by tightening migration controls and limiting practices like border runs. In turn, Germany has increased scrutiny of visa applications, driven by security concerns in the geopolitical context. On the other hand, all three jurisdictions have also expanded migrants’ rights in various ways, mainly through measures aimed at attracting skilled workers, creating clearer pathways to long-term residence and fostering economic growth. Considering that migrants’ rights derive from their immigration statuses within the multi-dimensional legal framework and socio-political context of host states, the study concludes that while national migration policy modifications have restricted the rights of specific categories of migrants, they have simultaneously created new opportunities for regularisation and stability. Although none of the countries introduced specific mechanisms for post-February 2022 Russian immigrants, Germany maintained targeted measures rather than sweeping restrictions, Kazakhstan demonstrated a pragmatic balance between economic interests and security concerns, and Türkiye’s opaque, fast-changing migration policies reduced the migrant population.
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Deepfakecracia: Electoral Deepfakes as Disinformation Tools in the 2023–2024 Presidential Elections
(Global Campus of Human Rights, 2025) Dasso Boonman, Agostina; Schuliaquer, Ivan
Deepfakes have become a tool for disinformation during election periods, using the image of candidates in fake videos, images and audios generated by artificial intelligence. This contributes to undermining citizens’ access to information and reinforcing the sense of uncertainty in the information environment, eroding trust in democratic processes. The objective of this thesis is to analyse the functioning of deepfakes as a disinformation tool in election contexts based on the use of deepfakes in presidential elections in ten American countries in the period 2023–2024.
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The Risk of Statelessness and Humanitarian Exclusion: Legal and Structural Barriers for Non-Syrian Refugees in Jordan
(Global Campus of Human Rights, 2025) Baker, Isabella Eda; Al-Jazy, Ibrahim
This thesis examines how Jordan’s humanitarian aid framework systematically excludes non-Syrian refugees – particularly Iraqi, Yemeni, Sudanese and Somali communities – whilst overlooking the cases and risks of statelessness within these groups. Understanding statelessness in its de jure and de facto forms, the research highlights the absence of legal identity as a neglected factor contributing to heightened vulnerability for members of these displaced communities. The study adopts an interdisciplinary approach combining critical legal and policy analysis with qualitative fieldwork in Amman between March and August 2025. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with refugees, non-governmental organisations (NGOs), government ministers, legal experts and humanitarian practitioners, supplemented by secondary sources, including academic studies, legal frameworks, NGO reports and humanitarian policy documents. The research employs thematic and discourse analysis to interrogate how humanitarian and governmental narratives construct hierarchies of vulnerability, and how nationality-based policies reinforce exclusion. Findings demonstrate that humanitarian aid in Jordan remains disproportionately Syrian-focused, with stateless non-Syrian refugees rendered invisible in programming and donor priorities alike. In displacement contexts, these stateless refugees face a lack of accountability from their origin and host countries. Children born to these refugees and asylum seekers are particularly vulnerable to the risk of statelessness. Statelessness compounds barriers to documentation, protection and socio-economic participation, creating intergenerational cycles of marginalisation. This thesis argues that stateless individuals should be incorporated into the One Refugee Approach and general humanitarian aid frameworks. It calls for a deliberate reshaping of humanitarian responses to recognise statelessness as a distinct vulnerability, addressing its risks alongside ongoing advocacy for states to fulfil their obligations to grant nationality. Ultimately, it contends that statelessness requires a comprehensive human rights and child rights-based approach to prevent exclusion from being perpetuated across generations.