A contradictory 2019 in the Arab world: The heralds of a second Arab Spring in times of increased vulnerability and upgraded authoritarianism

dc.contributor.authorAit Youssef, Iasmin
dc.contributor.authorAlsheikh Ali, Rana
dc.contributor.authorComaro, Elena
dc.contributor.authorDiana, Elise
dc.contributor.authorLavigne Delville, Solène
dc.contributor.authorMaaninou, Nouha
dc.contributor.authorPannunzio, Marta
dc.contributor.authorWerf, Charlotte : van der
dc.date.accessioned2020-07-29T09:53:16Z
dc.date.available2020-07-29T09:53:16Z
dc.date.issued2020
dc.description.abstractDuring the year 2019 mass mobilisations broke out throughout the Arab region, with protestors calling for regime change and denouncing mismanagement, corruption and the lack of basic services and human rights in countries as diverse as Algeria, Sudan, Lebanon, Iraq and Egypt. In some cases they were violently opposed and quelled; in others they brought about a transitional process. These democratic processes and authoritarian reactions were accompanied by an important case of democratic consolidation in Tunisia and peaceful transfer of power in Mauritania. Some observers saw in these movements the sparks of a second Arab Spring, while others noted an upgrading of authoritarianism, through different repression techniques against protesters, activists and civil society organisations. Security forces and tribunals have been used for repression, but so have new constitutional and legislative texts that have shifted the balance of power in favour of the executive and the military. The repression of cyberspace was extended through new technological tools that allow for the monitoring, tracking and silencing of dissenting voices. Beyond these two opposing dynamics, the socio-economic situation in many countries across the region deteriorated, increasing the vulnerability of groups such as women, children, stateless persons and refugees. The socio-economic situation has also provided several local, national, regional and international actors with a means to exercise economic violence that typically impact on the most vulnerable, depriving them of their most basic human rights or allowing them only conditional access to these rights. Key words: democratisation; authoritarianism; cyber control; socio-economic violence; refugees; protests, human rights; Arab Spring; oppression; arrests
dc.description.sponsorshipRight Livelihood Foundationen_US
dc.identifier.citationI Ait Youssef, R Alsheikh Ali, E Comaro, E Diana, S Lavigne Delville, N Maaninou, M Pannunzio & C van der Werf ‘A contradictory 2019 in the Arab world: The heralds of a second Arab Spring in times of increased vulnerability and upgraded authoritarianism’ (2020) 4 Global Campus Human Rights Journal 230-262 http://dx.doi.org/10.25330/596
dc.identifier.urihttp://dx.doi.org/10.25330/596
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisherGlobal Campus of Human Rightsen_US
dc.relation.ispartofseriesGlobal Campus Human Rights Journal;4.1
dc.subjectArab countries
dc.subjectdemocratisation
dc.subjectauthoritarianism
dc.subjectcensorship
dc.subjectinternet
dc.subjectcivil society
dc.subjectsocial movements
dc.subjectactivists
dc.subjectprotest
dc.subjectrefugees
dc.subjectsocial conditions
dc.subjecteconomic conditions
dc.subjectchildren
dc.subjectwomen
dc.subjectstatelessness
dc.titleA contradictory 2019 in the Arab world: The heralds of a second Arab Spring in times of increased vulnerability and upgraded authoritarianismen_US
dc.typeArticleen_US

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