Addressing the Digital Divide among Students at Risk of School Dropout in Latin America

Abstract

Digitalisation in Latin American (LATAM) education is vital but faces challenges like high dropout rates and a significant digital divide. The region lacks thorough evaluations on how these issues impact virtual education, leaving vulnerable students at risk. Existing policies on connectivity and digital skills are superficial and not well integrated with education agendas, necessitating a more holistic approach to ensure equitable access to education through digital transformation. The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted the digital divide's impact on secondary and primary school dropout rates in the LATAM public education system. Students struggled with internet access, inadequate devices and loss of teacher contact, leading to higher dropout rates, especially among low-income and rural students. Countries like Argentina, Chile, Colombia and Honduras saw significant increases in dropout rates, although the situation was not as dire as initially feared. Dropout rates in LATAM are influenced by multiple factors, perpetuating social and economic inequalities. The digital divide, particularly in rural areas, exacerbates educational exclusion, with gender disparities further disadvantaging girls and women. Despite efforts to improve internet access and education quality in countries like Colombia, Chile, Peru, Brazil, Ecuador and Mexico, these initiatives often lack integration with strategies to reduce dropout rates. A human rights-based approach (HRBA) to digitalisation emphasises equity, inclusion and pragmatic use of digital tools to enhance education. Public policies should focus on meaningful internet access, addressing affordability, connectivity and social environment aspects. Comprehensive data collection on the digital divide's impact on dropout rates is essential for informed policymaking. The 'My Education, Our Future' agenda promoted by different stakeholders and organisations aims to bridge the digital gap in education and support school reintegration, opening a valuable opportunity for action on this policy area.