The phenomenon of hate speech in public discourse: the case of Greece. Is hate speech correlated with hate crimes in Greece?

Abstract

In this paper, we delve into the phenomenon of hate speech within the realm of public discourse in Greece, with a particular focus on its potential correlation with hate crimes. By meticulously exploring historical, societal, and contextual factors, we aim to decipher whether hate speech is a precursor to hate crimes within the Greek context. Our investigation commences with an intricate examination of hate speech, encompassing its definition and conceptual frameworks. Drawing from diverse theoretical perspectives such as the Liberal approach, Critical Race Theory, and Speech Act Theory, we build a comprehensive understanding of hate speech's nuances. Moving on, we provide a detailed overview of hate speech in Greece, elucidating its historical roots and societal dynamics. We analyse its manifestation across various platforms, from mainstream media to the digital realm of social media. We gauge its impact on different segments of Greek society through empirical insights. At the heart of our research lies the exploration of a potential link between hate speech and hate crimes. Through a systematic breakdown of hate crimes, their classifications, and case studies, we endeavour to establish whether hate speech contributes to the perpetration of hate crimes in Greece. Guided by Human Rights Theory and the principle of human dignity, we propose a comprehensive framework to counteract hate speech. We examine Greece's legal landscape, civil society organisations' roles, and the influence of European Union measures in effectively curbing hate speech. In summation, our study unravels the intricate interplay between hate speech and hate crimes in Greece. We illuminate a potential correlation between these phenomena by unravelling historical roots, analysing contemporary manifestations, and providing a robust theoretical framework. Our recommendations offer practical insights into combatting hate speech and, consequently, mitigating the risk of hate crimes in the dynamic landscape of Greek public discourse.